Examining the Progress of Green and Sustainable Supply Chain Management: A Comprehensive Analysis

Abstract

The growing emphasis on sustainability, combined with increasing stakeholder expectations and regulatory pressures, has positioned the Green-Supply-Chain-Management (GSCM) as a crucial basis for integrating green sustainability into the supply chain operations. This systematic review consolidates existing research on the evolution of GSCM, examining its core practices, driving factors, barriers to adoption, and performance implications.

Emerging knowledge and tools such as block-chain, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence are playing a transformative role in advancing GSCM methods. These technologies, alongside trends like eco-design, reverse logistics, green procurement, and sustainable industrial processes, are redefining how supply chains address environmental challenges. The analysis also explores how external factors, including environmental regulations, organizational culture, and market dynamics, influence the successful implementation of GSCM practices.

The review identifies significant progress in the field while recognizing areas for improvement, particularly in overcoming barriers to widespread adoption. It emphasizes the growing importance of participating innovative tools and skills and fostering collaboration across supply chain networks, achieve sustainability goals. Concluding with insights into future research directions, the study highlights opportunities to expand GSCM frameworks through technology integration and circular economy strategies, further advancing sustainable supply chain processes in the background of a rapidly evolving global landscape.