Access of Land Degradation in A Plateau Region: A Case Study of Eastern Chotanagpur Plateau, India

Abstract

Land degradation processes are characteristically different in the tropical and temperate environment. The main purpose of this study is the physical process and the current level of land degradation in the coastal plateau. The Chotanagpur plateau is one of India's most damaged locations due to water erosion. The Shilabati River basin is a true representation of the tropical environment, Granite gneiss geology, Low to moderately developed soil Deteriorating lateritic upland landscape, high drainage density, low to moderately heavy rainfall (100–140 cm), dry tropical deciduous forest cover. The physical parameters used in the study of land degradation include physiographic formations, hydrologic properties, and vegetation cover. Water erosion, vegetation deterioration, and a loss in soil quality are the principal land degradation processes in the study area. The development of undulating landforms is due to the granite-gneiss geologic formation. High soil erosion is caused by underdeveloped soil profile, low organic matter content and poor soil structure. High terrain and sloping terrain create an unstable environment. Fragmented plateaus reduce productivity due to topographic constraints. Considerable the intensity and frequency of drainage in the house increases with the slight slope of the forest towards the large soil land, and erosion is strong. Decreased rainfall and increased dryness (less P/PET) increase water stress. Green biomass coverage also decreases. The difference between land degradation areas can be found by superimposing many important physical assets (geological formations, soil properties, land features, etc.) in the GIS environment. The backstory of the central Shilabati Basin is highly degraded and is particularly susceptible to land degradation.