A study on investigation on the complications associated with pregnancy and its birth defects

Abstract

We conducted a prospective observational study in coastal area of Andhra Pradesh. We collected a total number of 304 cases from the hospital and observed the risks of developing birth defects in infants. Fisher exact test was performed for birth defects in both the exposed and the unexposed groups and their complications were used to estimate odds ratio, relative risk, attributable risk, sensitivity and specificity. The risk to benefit ratio of various drugs used during the pregnancy was calculated.Fisher exact test is used to calculate the risk assessment parameters. The results obtained from this test include thyroid (OR=3.39, RR=2.194, AR=0.2721, snout= 0.1091, spin=0.9651), preeclampsia (O, R=0.3, RR=0.3636, AR=0.1591, snout=0.01818, spin=0.9419), gestational diabetes mellitus (OR=2.42, RR=1.813, AR=0.1922, snout=0.0545, spin=0.9767), anemia (OR=1.57, RR=1.383, AR=0.0922, snout=0.01818, spin=0.9884), larger maternal weight (OR=infinity, RR=5.095, AR=0.8037, snout=0.2364, spin=1), older maternal age (OR=infinity, RR=4.909, AR=0,7963, snout=0.1698, spin=1), drug abuse (OR=3.25, RR=2.125, AR=0.26, snout=0.05455, spin=0.9826), chicken pox (OR=infinity, RR=4.185, AR=0.76, snout=0.01818, spin=1), toxoplasmosis (OR=6.67, RR=2.889, AR=0.4359, snout=0.07273, spin=0.9884), HELLP syndrome (OR=infinity, RR=4.185, AR=0.7611, snout=0.01818, spin=1), DVT (OR=0, RR=0, AR=0.25,snout=0, spin=0.9826), cardiac issues (OR=infinity, RR=4.44, AR=0.77, snout=0.0909, spin=1).From the results obtained from the odds ratio, relative risk, attributable risk, sensitivity, specificity we conclude that there is a strong relationship between the birth defects developed and the complications experienced by the mother.