Promoting Inclusive Education Through Kounin’s Theory: A Pathway to Achieving SDG 4

Abstract

This article explores the integration of Jacob Kounin’s classroom management theory in promoting inclusive education aligned with Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4), which emphasizes quality, equitable education for all learners. By incorporating Kounin’s key concepts -“with-it-ness,” overlapping, smooth transitions, and group focus—educators can proactively address diverse classroom challenges, reducing disruptions and enhancing student engagement. This review examines the role of these principles in fostering inclusive educational environments, offers practical insights for teachers, and considers how Kounin’s model can contribute to achieving SDG 4 by supporting diverse learning needs within mainstream classrooms.